The characters of LATH include the poet Boris Morozov and the
critic Hristofor Boyarski. Boris Morozov (1590–1661) was a Russian
statesman and boyar who led the Russian government during the early reign of tsar Alexey
Mikhaylovich, whose tutor and brother-in-law he was. But he
is not as famous as his sister-in-law, Boyarynya Morozova
(1632-75), one of the best-known partisans of the Old Believer movement
(see also Surikov's painting).
While morozy (frosts) is a stock rhyme of
rozy (roses), morozov (of the frosts) rhymes, in
Hodasevich's Sorrentinskie fotografii ("The Sorrento Photographs,"
1926), with rozov (is pink):
Опять, как на неверном снимке,
Весь в
очертаниях сквозных,
Как был тогда, в студёной дымке,
В ноябрьской
утренней заре,
На восьмигранном острие,
Золотокрылый ангел розов
И неподвижен - а над
ним
Вороньи стаи, дым морозов,
Давно рассеявшийся
дым.
Hodasevich speaks of the golden-winged angel on the spire of
the Peter-and-Paul Cathedral (the burial place of Russian emperors) in
St. Petersburg that looks pinkish in a frost-hazy November morning. In the
1920s Hodasevich lived in Sorrento with Gorki, the writer who is
mentioned in LATH:
From behind a more or less Doric column I
overheard him [the critic Basilevski] asking my
naive gentle Annette had she any idea why I hated so fiercely Gorki (for whom he
cultivated total veneration). Was it because I resented the world fame of a
proletarian? Had I really read any of that wonderful writer's books? Annette had
looked puzzled but all at once a charming childish smile illumined her whole
face and she recalled The Mother, a corny Soviet film that I had
criticized, she said, "because the tears rolling down the faces were too big and
too slow." (2.9)
The memoir essays in Hodasevich's Necropolis (1939)
include "The End of Renata", "Bryusov", "Andrey Bely" and "Gorki". Renata
(Nina Petrovskaya) is a character in Bryusov's novel Ognennyi
angel ("The Fiery Angel", 1908) set in sixteenth century Germany, in
which Bely served as a model for Madiel (the fiery Angel). While Bely was
often compared to an angel (in her memoir essay Plennyi dukh, "The
Captive Spirit"*, 1934, Marina Tsvetaeva compares Bely to the angel in H.
G. Wells's novel The Wonderful Visit, 1895), Bryusov was often
compared to a demon. Demon poverzhennyi (Demon Thrown Down) is a famous
painting by Vrubel, the artist whose last painting was the portrait of
Bryusov (1906). According to Vadim Vadimovich, Vrubel has portrayed his father
whose society nickname was Demon:
My father was a gambler and a rake. His
society nickname was Demon. Vrubel has portrayed him with his vampire-pale
cheeks, his diamond eyes, his black hair. What remained on the palette has been
used by me, Vadim, son ofVadim, for touching up the father of the passionate
siblings in the best ofmy English romaunts, Ardis (1970).
The scion of a princely family devoted to
a gallery of a dozen Tsars, my father resided on the idyllic outskirts of
history. (2.5)
Tsvetava's essay on Bryusov is entitled Geroy truda
("The Hero of Toil", 1925). The characters of LATH include the novelist
Suknovalov, author of the popular social satire Geroy nashey ery ("Hero
of Our Era"):
I recognized the critic Basilevski, his
sycophants Hristov and Boyarski, my friend Morozov, the novelists Shipogradov
and Sokolovski, the honest nonentity Suknovalov, author of the popular social
satire Geroy nashey ery ("Hero of Our Era") and two young poets,
Lazarev (collection Serenity) and Fartuk (collection
Silence). (2.4)
Geroy nashego vremeni ("Hero of our Time") is a novel
(1840) by Lermontov. As he speaks to Vadim, Oks (Osip
Lvovich Oksman) confuses Lermontov's Princess Mary (a character
in Hero of our Time) and Tamara (a character in Lermontov's
poem Demon, 1829-41) with the heroine of Vadim's first
novel Tamara (1925):
"Look," he cried, "how many copies are
out. All of Princess Mary is out, I mean Mary--damn it, I mean
Tamara. I love Tamara, I mean your Tamara, not
Lermontov's or Rubinstein's. Forgive me. One gets so confused among so many
damned masterpieces." (ibid.)
Mashen'ka ("Mary", 1926) is, of course, VN's first
novel. But Tamara** is also a poem (1841) by Lermontov
beginning: V glubokoy tesnine Dar'yala... ("In Dar'yal's deep
gorge..."). Dar'yalski is the main character in Bely's novel about sectarians
Serebryanyi golub' ("The Silver Dove", 1909).
As to Hristofor Boyarski,
Kleopatra Petrovna Hristoforova (a Moscow merchant woman) is mentioned by
Bely in his three-volume memoirs and by Tsvetaeva in her memoir essay on
Bely "The Captive Spirit". Also, in his ruthless silhouette of Gorki Aihenvald
calls the author of Mat' ("The Mother") "the Columbus of all
discovered Americas" (Hristofor is the Russian form of Christopher,
Columbus's first name).
*dedicated to V. F. Hodasevich
**Tamara is here the legendary Georgian Queen, "beautiful as a
heavenly angel, insidious and evil as a demon".
Alexey Sklyarenko